Papers

 Ontology-based Use Cases for Design-time and Runtime Composition of Mobile Services 

M. Rój, P. H. Meland, J. Floch, J. Domaszewicz
International Workshop on the Role of Services, Ontologies, and Context in
Mobile Environments, April 2008, Bejing, China

Abstract:
This paper presents application of ontology-based modelling and reasoning related to the different phases of the lifecycle of mobile services. Ontology-based descriptions complement traditional design-time and runtime models allowing more complex reasoning. We present use cases for ontologies that may be applied at design time, deployment time and/or runtime. Some important characteristics of our approach are: 1. ontological descriptions define complex artefacts that are built from simpler ones defined in an ontology; 2. a single ontology can be used for specifying various artefacts and for reasoning on various aspects at different phases of the service lifecycle; 3. an artefact can be used for various purposes. This paper provides examples of ontological descriptions along with use cases, and discusses the applicability of the approach.

 Tree-Based Anycast for Wireless Sensor Actuator Networks 

Michal Koziuk, Jaroslaw Domaszewicz
The 9th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking
(ICDCN 2008) 5-8 January 2008
LNCS vol. 4904/2008, pp. 322-331
Computing and Networking, Springer LNCS series

Abstract:
This paper presents a tree-based anycast (TBA) protocol designed for wireless sensor/actuator networks. Contrary to existing work, TBA allows forming an anycast address from multiple attributes which describe the destination node. TBA uses spanning trees for query propagation. The usefulness of such a solution is validated by simulations, which show that under certain conditions significant energy gain compared to flooding can be expected..

Power Point Presentation

 Opportunistic Pervasive Computing with Domain-oriented Virtual Machines 

J. Domaszewicz, M. Rój, A. Pruszkowski
9th EUROMICRO Conference on DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN Architectures, Methods and Tools (DSD 2006)
August/September 2006
Proceedings of 9th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design Architectures, Methods and Tools
pp. 598-605
IEEE Computer Society, 2006, ISBN 13 978-0-7695-2609-6

Abstract:
The paper targets heterogeneous sensor-actuator networks, in which nodes differ as to resources (sensors and actuators) they are equipped with. Each node contributes its specific sensors and actuators to be used by applications. The key assumption of "opportunistic pervasive computing" is that the actual mix of nodes (and that of available resources) is not known in advance to the programmer. An opportunistic pervasive computing application is supposed to take the best advantage of whatever sensors and actuators happen to be available in the network. The paper presents a technique that can be used in middleware layers supporting such applications. The technique uses virtual machines to orderly expose sensor and actuator resources of a node to the programmer. The virtual machines are domain-oriented, node specific, and able to work with the resources at multiple levels of abstraction. They can be implemented on severely constrained nodes (e.g., of the TinyOS class).

Power Point Presentation

 ROVERS: Pervasive Computing Platform for Heterogeneous Sensor-Actuator Networks 

J. Domaszewicz, M. Rój, A. Pruszkowski, M.Golański, and K. Kacperski
4th International Workshop on Mobile Distributed Computing (MDC'06)

Abstract:
The paper presents a programming model for a new pervasive computing middleware. The middleware, called ROVERS, targets an environment composed of tiny, resource-constrained, wirelessly communicating nodes embedded into everyday objects. The environment is heterogeneous in that each node is equipped with a unique set of sensors and actuators, depending on the object it is embedded in. The nodes establish an ad-hoc network and contribute their specific resources. The ROVERS layer transforms the network into a distributed pervasive computing platform ready for applications. The ROVERS application is an evolving tree of cooperating, mobile micro-agents. The tree adapts to available resources and the current context. It is largely decoupled from the concept of the physical node. ROVERS provides the programmer with implicit resource discovery, inter-agent communications with a logical addressing scheme, minimization of application-generated traffic, ontology-driven representation of sensor and actuator resources, as well as support for component-based programming. The programming model lends itself to an implementation for a miniature operating system, like TinyOS.

Presentation

 Lightweight Ontology-Driven Representations in Pervasive Computing PDF - not available 
J. Domaszewicz, M. Rój
IFIP International Symposium on Network-Centric Ubiquitous Systems (NCUS 2005)

Abstract:
A clearly specified representation of diverse entities is needed to refer to them in pervasive computing applications. Examples of such entities include physical objects, operations, sensor and actuator resources, or logical locations. We propose a novel way to systematically generate representations of entities for programmable pervasive computing platforms made of tiny embedded nodes. Our original idea is to generate a very lightweight, though semantically-rich, representation from a possibly complex ontological specification. At the platform development phase, a domain ontology is used to describe the target environment. A preprocessing tool produces the ontology-driven, lightweight representation, which comes in two flavors: a human-readable one, to be used for programming, and a binary one, to be used at runtime. Our approach makes it possible to take advantage of all the benefits of ontology-based modeling and, at the same time, to obtain a representation light enough to be embedded in even the tiniest nodes.

 MobileSpaces - JavaSpaces for Mobile Devices PDF - not available 
T. Rybicki, J. Domaszewicz
The International Conference on "Computer as a tool" (EUROCON 2005)

Abstract:
Mobile distributed applications are becoming increasingly important. The tuple space is a convenient mechanism for exchanging data in a distributed application, and JavaSpaces, a part of the SUN Jini technology, is a leading implementation of the tuple space concept. Unfortunately, due to Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) limitations, it is not possible to access JavaSpaces from a mobile phone. This paper describes MobileSpaces - a system that brings JavaSpaces-like API to mobile phones. MobileSpaces follow the Jini Surrogate Architecture. A surrogate acts as an intermediary between a mobile phoneresident application and JavaSpaces.

Power Point Presentation

 Bezprzewodowe sieci sensorów w projekcie TWISTER... PDF - 131KB 
Marcin Golański, Krzysztof Kacperski, Aleksander Pruszkowski, Michał Rój, Jarosław Domaszewicz
KST 2005
in Polish

Abstract:
W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono projekt aplikacji integrującej technologię satelitarnej transmisji danych z bezprzewodowymi sieciami sensorów. Podstawą prac jest projekt TWISTER, realizowany w ramach 6-tego programu ramowego UE. Na wstępie przedstawiono ogólne założenia i cele projektu TWISTER oraz zakres prac wykonanych dotychczas przez Instytut Telekomunikacji PW. Następnie przedstawiona została propozycja wykorzystania sieci satelitarnej do zbierania informacji z bezprzewodowych sieci sensorów. Omówiono ogólny model systemu, wykorzystywane technologie oraz przedstawiono architekturę jednej z instalacji.

Power Point Presentation

 Smart Artifacts as a Key Component of Pervasive Games PDF - 42,7 kB 
M. Rój
2004

Abstract:
In this paper we present how smart artifacts can become a crucial element in pervasive games. In our vision, 'magical' artifacts play two roles: first, they are very attractive game gadgets (such as magic wands), second, they are able to handle the game (implementing the main game logic). We claim that in some cases no infrastructure would be needed to play a game. Artifacts, as we present here, are carried by players (or lying somewhere in the game area) and communicating through a wireless network. The vision has been inspired by a number of ideas and ongoing projects on smart devices and middleware platforms.

 Knowledge Discovery Techniques in Ubiquitous Computing PDF - 139 kB 
M. Rój
2004

Abstract:
Ubiquitous computing is a new era in the evolution of computers. After the mainframe and personal computers (PC) phases, the computers (or rather computing electronic gadgets) are going to be present everywhere. Some of them will be built into our common objects (e.g., appliances) and will become a part of the environment. The area of ubiquitous computing touches various aspects from different research areas: wireless communications, distributed systems, humancomputer interaction, sensor-rich environments, and others. This paper focuses on some techniques of dealing with streams of data from multiple various sources (e.g., accelerometers, temperature sensors, cameras, computer programs) and getting relevant information from the data. Knowledge discovery techniques, namely Bayesian networks (used widely in the eld of articial intelligence), are employed as reasoning engines.

 OSA/Parlay and J2ME in Tandem: Developing Innovative Services... PDF - 208 kB 
J. Domaszewicz, M. Rój, M. Kunikowski, G. Carroll
ICIN 2004 (International Conference on Intelligence in Service Delivery Networks)

Abstract:
The paper explores synergies that can be achievedby combining two software technologies available to service developers: OSA/Parlay and Java 2 Micro Edition. The technologies are different (and complementary) in that the former is based on relatively few powerful application servers, while the latter on numerous resource-constrained terminals. Innovative services can be realized, if an application server and mobile terminals work together. MobileDate, a "pure" OSA/Parlay dating application, is described first. Next, a number of generic OSA/Parlay and J2ME in tandem architectures are presented. Each one assumes a specific way of interaction between the OSA/Parlay application and J2ME software (MIDlets). General examples of services that can benefit from applying the presented architectures are given. The paper is concluded with a fresh look on MobileDate: what enhancements can be added, if service-specific MIDlets are allowed to run on terminals of the service users.

Power Point Presentation

 MobileDate or How to Engineer Ad-Hoc OSA/Parlay Applications  PDF - 173 kB 
J. Domaszewicz, M. Rój, M. Kunikowski, M. Golański, K. Kacperski, A. Pruszkowski
KST 2004 (Krajowe Sympozjum Telekomunikacji)

Abstract:
An advanced OSA/Parlay application, called MobileDate, is presented. MobileDate is identified as an ad-hoc application, in which no application-specific code is run on mobile nodes (users' terminals). A general structure of ad-hoc applications implemented with the OSA/Parlay technology is described. It is observed that a great variety of such applications can be built by adding an application-specific logic module to a number of generic building blocks. This leads to a proposal for a middleware facilitating quick development of OSA/Parlay-based ad-hoc applications. The middleware resides on top of the OSA/Parlay APIs. Additionally, in order to enhance user interaction facilities, the middleware takes advantage of the WAP technology.

Power Point Presentation

 Embedded, microcontroller-based Web Server PDF - 178 kB 
D. Mielnik, L. Konca, T. Rudnik, A. Pruszkowski, J. Domaszewicz
KST 2003 (Krajowe Sympozjum Telekomunikacji)

Abstract:
The paper presents a functionally reduced WWW server based on an 8051 microcontroller. The web server can be embedded in a device and used to remotely, over the Internet, inspect and/or control its state. Upon an HTTP request, the server supplies a web page showing the current status of the device's sensors and actuators. Viewing the page with any popular browser, the user can change the device's settings and submit another HTTP request. Having received it, the web server will make the changes requested by the user. The server software is functionally limited and aimed at minimal memory requirements. Therefore, a somewhat simplified version of the TCP and IP protocols has been implemented. Nevertheless, the server reliably responds to requests generated by a number of popular web browsers running on a remote host.

Implementing OSA/Parlay Mobility SCF with Ericsson Mobile Center Emulator PDF - 165 kB 
M. Kłos, J. Domaszewicz, M. Rój
KST 2003 (Krajowe Sympozjum Telekomunikacji)

Abstract:
OSA/Parlay is a set of application programming interfaces making it possible to take advantage of the functionality of a telecommunications network by an independent service provider. OSA/Parlay interfaces are split into so-called Service Capability Features (SCFs), each one representing a specific part of the network functionality. Mobility SCF takes care of reporting user location and status. An implementation of an OSA/Parlay Mobility SCF and that of a test bed to validate it is presented. The network interface to the SCF is based on Ericsson Mobile Positioning Protocol (MPP) for user localization and on a proprietary XML protocol for user status. The test bed includes Ericsson Mobile Center Emulator and a user status emulator written specifically for this project. The two emulators are integrated and driven by the same set of configuration files. The test best is enhanced by a monitoring tool that displays users' and BTS locations on a map. The presented SCF implementation can be used as part of an OSA/Parlay gateway in a real network environment or, along with the test bed, as an OSA/Parlay application development tool.

Power Point Presentation

 J2ME Workshops  PDF - 670 kB 
Tomasz Rybicki
Mobile Computing Conference, April 16-17, 2003
in Polish

Abstract:
This paper describes briefly the J2ME platform, the idea of configuration and profile, than explains the importance of the platform. What follows is the description of constraints of mobile devices. Later, midlets are described in more detail - starting from states of midlet, ending with a short description of few High Level GUI components. At the end some techniques of creating effective applications are described, accompanied by code examples.
This document contains additional information for J2ME workshop presentation.

 How to write applications for mobile devices (html)  HTML 
Tomasz Rybicki
Software 2.0, January 2003
in Polish

Abstract:
This paper covers the specifics of creating applications for mobile devices. Installing and configuring SUN Wireless Toolkit and setting midlet's properties are described in more detail. Later, some techniques of improving performance are introduced, accompanied by example code. At the end, an example of a class created to help evaluating speed of written code is introduced, followed by a class that could be suitable in the process of debugging the application.

 Service Creation with Parlay/OSA API   PDF - 125 kB 
M. Rój, J. Domaszewicz
KST 2002 ( Krajowe Sympozjum Telekomunikacji )
in Polish

Abstract:
This paper covers a new paradigm of creating and operating telecommunications services. According to it, service logic resides beyond a network operator's domain, and the service is operated by an independent service provider. The interface between an application implementing the service logic and the telecommunications network is a standardized API (Application Programming Interface). The new paradigm and the concept of Parlay/OSA API is introduced first. Some of respective documents published by ETSI and the Parlay Group are briefly covered. What follows is an extended example on how to use the Parlay/OSA API to create a simple service. The logic of the service is described in simple terms. Then its implementation, based on the Generic Call Control Service package, is presented in detail. Relevant data types, objects, and methods are explained. Code samples in Java are included.

Power Point Presentation

 Simple internet protocol stack for 80C51 microcontroller family  PDF - 195 kB 
A. Pruszkowski, J. Domaszewicz
KST 2002 (Krajowe Sympozjum Telekomunikacji)
in Polish

Abstract:
This paper discusses an implementation of the internet protocol stack on a microcontroller equipped with a minimal amount of memory. The 80C51 family is selected due to its popularity. The implementation is part of a design of an 80C51-based measurement device with Internet connectivity. The device comes with an RS232/SLIP/IP/UDP protocol stack; basic ICMP support is also included. Relevant fundamentals of the 80C51 architecture are briefly reviewed. Organization of the protocol stack is outlined. Pseudocode of the program is then presented and explained, with simplifications applied to minimize memory usage being pointed out. Memory consumption figures are given, and the amount of memory left for the application layer is calculated. The software is validated by making the device exchange data with a PC. The possibility to connect microcontrollers with minimal resources to the Internet is thus demonstrated.

 Simple Service Developed with Ericsson OSA/Parlay Simulator  PDF - 78 kB 
M. Rój, J. Domaszewicz
MOST 2002 (Mobile Open Society through Wireless Telecommunications)

Abstract:
This paper gives an example of applying a novel approach to developing telecommunications services. The new approach introduces mainstream IT technologies into service creation, making the process accessible to a wide community of software developers. Services can be developed for all kinds of networks, including wireless ones. In this paper, a simple call center service implemented using the OSA/Parlay API and tested with the Ericsson OSA/Parlay Simulator is presented.

Power Point Presentation